Using the latest Microsoft PowerPoint 2007-2016 (PresentationML v. 1) filter generates the target file without any error message but, when you try to open it, you receive the following messages:

PowerPoint found a problem with content in YourTargetFileName.pptx.
PowerPoint can attempt to repair the presentation.

If you trust the source of this presentation, click Repair.     

                                         
  

After you click Repair, you receive the following message:

PowerPoint couldn't read some content in YourTargetFileName.pptx. [Repaired] and removed it.
Please check your presentation to see if the rest of it looks ok.

The defect which leads to this issue has been fixed so the easiest solution is to update Studio to the latest version (Studio 2019 SR2 CU8 / Studio 2021 / Studio 2022). However, if you want to keep the Studio version in which this defect is still reproducible you can use the below solution:

Recreate the project using the previous Microsoft PowerPoint 2007-2013 (PowerPoint 2007 v.2.0.0.0).

1. Open SDL Trados Studio and go to File > Options > File Types and, on the right-hand side list, disable the Microsoft PowerPoint 2007-2016 filter and make sure the Microsoft PowerPoint 2007-2013 filter is enabled. Confirm this setting by clicking on the OK button.
2. Import your PPTX source file again for translation by either selecting Create new project or Translate as  single document.
3. If you have a translation memory that was used for the previous translation and you have updated it with the new segments, use it for this one as well.
4. In order to import your previous translated segments into this new one, you can either use the Pre-translate or Perfect Match batch task or both. 
5. Save a new target file (Save Target As / Shift+F12) and open it.

Note that, the segmentation in the new bilingual (.sdlxliff) file may be slightly different as compared to the previous one. This is because of the different file type used. Applying the Pre-translate or Perfect Match might not result in the same percentage of translated and confirmed segments as in the original bilingual file.

During the creation of the target file some content of the PPTX file becomes unusable and won't be displayed in the target file even if you select to Repair it when you are prompted to do this.
This was caused by a defect which affects the latest Microsoft PowerPoint 2007-2016 (PresentationML v. 1) filter in SDL Trados Studio 2017 and also 2019 early versions. and it has been fixed in the latest version of Studio 2019 SR2 CU8 / Studio 2021 / Studio 2022